Written on January 17th, 2012 by tasha
I am continuing my series on social media policies. The last post was on intellectual property laws and thoughts on how to guide your employees so they don’t inadvertently trigger a copyright infringement suit. The social media policy post before that looked mostly at HIPAA and employee social media policies you need to have even if you aren’t publishing on Facebook, Twitter or a blog.
For this entry, we’re going to look at defamation, libel and false light. To be honest, when I started researching this, I didn’t think it was much of an issue for elder care professionals.
- But then I started thinking about the comments followers leave. Are we liable for their libel?
- And then I learned about “false light,” an easy mistake to make.
- I also started thinking about advocacy roles. I realized that there may be times when we need to speak up, against unfair laws or dangerous or abusive practices.
Hmmm.
And even if you don’t define yourself as an advocate (not that you should), the weird thing about the Internet is that even one obscure little blogpost could end up being seen by millions. Double hmmm. That puts the stakes a little higher than your average brochure or flyer and makes it wise to understand how to say what you need to say AND protect yourself.
Recognizing that I am not a lawyer, here is a thumbnail set of definitions and guidelines I gleaned from the Citizen Media Law Project of Harvard University:
- “Defamation” is “a legal claim involving injury to reputation caused by false statements of fact.”
- “Libel” is written defamation, while “slander” is the spoken variety.
- “False light” is like defamation, but has to do with untrue implications rather than direct statements of false information. For instance, posting a picture of someone who is gaunt by an article about cancer, might imply that the person had cancer. This is the type of error I think is most likely to happen in the field of elder care.
As a rule, we tend to shy away from controversy. Harsh, critical commentary is not usually the style with elder care professionals. But if there is something you just have to let fly on, it appears that as long as you are extremely clear that this is your opinion, and your facts are true, your legal liability is limited.
Again, I am not a lawyer.
The Citizen Media Law Project recommends some guidelines to consider:
- Would you be upset if these things were said about you? The Golden Rule may not be the gold standard of legal liability, but it’s a good first step. The phrases that seem most upsetting are those that you need to inspect and edit extra carefully.
- How sure are you of your facts? Follow good journalistic practices and only use reliable sources. Especially in light of those sensitive phrases, you want to be sure that you are publishing only truthful information. A truthful statement that harms another’s reputation is not libel. However, you may be open to other suits if the information is especially private (e.g., private financial records of an individual or business. We already know you would not publish medical information!)
- Seek comment from the person/organization in question. Fair is fair. And there may be an explanation you hadn’t thought of.
- Document your sources. In the unhappy event that you go to trial, you will have a record of where you learned what.
- Clarify what is fact and what is opinion. Words like “in my opinion” and “I believe” will help. But context as well as the language needs to draw the line clearly. False implications often occur when the context is blurry, such as the innocent mistake of poor picture placement described above.
- Avoid inflammatory language. Passionate rhetoric can be really fun. I LOVED writing it when I was in college. But it also tends to fan the flames. Give your staff guidelines. Unless it is your intent to rile things up (e.g., you are doing community advocacy about a piece of legislation that you feel is patently unfair or biased), you may want to have a second set of cooler eyes read through the text before you click “Publish.”
- Beware of conflict of interest. If your remarks impact a competitor, you could be liable for a fair trade lawsuit.
- Retract or correct inaccurate statements. The horse may be out of the barn, but if you give your corrections the same prominence as your initial statements, you are at least demonstrating your intent to be fair.
But what if your followers are the ones who post something defamatory?
It turns out, you are not liable. The Communications Decency Act legally protects you from liability for user-submitted communication. As long as the posting was submitted by someone outside your organization, you are not legally on the hook. That said, talk to your business liability insurance carrier. They may have some opinions on the matter.
Regardless of liability, however, what is the tone you wish to set? Controversy is popular. You will get a lot of traffic, especially with spicey headlines. (My most popular blogpost so far was a somewhat feisty anti-ageism piece entitled “Don’t call me ’senior’!“) But is the traffic you receive going to come away with an accurate sense of your business’ personality?
Perhaps being a strident advocate is part of your professional image. (I do get pretty feisty about ageism.) By all means, then, have at it with the above precautions. But if you ask yourself, “What adjectives do I want potential clients to associate with my business?” and you come up with softer ones, such as “warm, caring and compassionate” then statements that might lead to defamation or false light might not be in your best interest.
It’s perfectly fine to remove defamatory comments, although it is considered best practice to publish an inclusion/deletion policy. This will help your staff understand your guidelines, and provide public warning/disclosure/justification for any comments you choose to delete.
For samples of inclusion and deletion policies other healthcare companies use in social media, I recommend the Social Media Governance website.
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